Top 50 Selenium Interview Questions and Answers for Freshers and for beginners and experts. List of 50 frequently asked Selenium Interview Questions with answers by Selenium Labs. We hope these Selenium Interview Questions and Answers for Freshers are useful and will help you to get the best job in the networking industry. These top 50 Selenium Interview Questions and Answers for Freshers are prepared by Selenium Professionals based on MNC Companies’ expectations. Stay tuned we will update New Selenium Interview questions with Answers Frequently. If you want to learn Practical Selenium Training then please go through this Selenium Training in Bangalore.
1-What exactly is selenium made of?
A set of tools for automated web testing is called Selenium. The Selenium IDE (Integrated Development Environment) is what makes it up. It serves as a recording and playback tool. It is a plugin for Firefox.
Grid: It offers APIs for many different languages, like Java,.NET, PHP, etc. Most browsers support Webdriver and RC.
WebDriver with RC: Grid allows you to distribute tests across numerous machines so that they can run concurrently, which reduces the amount of time needed to perform in-browser test suites.
2- How can Selenium be used to locate an element?
Every object or control on a web page is referred to as an element in Selenium. There are several ways to locate an element on a web page.
ID \sName \sTag \sAttribute \sCSS
Xpath, Linktext Partial, etc.
3- Describe what Selenium 3.0 is.
The most recent version of Selenium is 3.0. Two beta versions of Selenium 3.0 have been made available, including some of the following changes:
Here are a few new characteristics of Selenium 3.0.
: Improvements to Beta 1
: Upgrades to beta 2 (Except for Java)
: Java version 8+ is now the minimum.
: Currently, the system property webdriver.gecko.driver forces the server into marionette or classic Firefox driver mode, disregarding any relevant Ideally Capable
: Firefox will be supported through Mozilla’s geckodriver
: When -browser is not supplied, Grid solves NPEs on registration.
: Microsoft offers Edge support.
: Through Apple’s own Safari driver, it now supports Safari on MacOS. Argument for GeckoDriver -port in all bindings.
4-Why Selenium should be chosen by testers instead of QTP?
QTP is less popular than selenium as:
QTP is a for-profit product, whereas Selenium is open source.
While QTP can be used to test client-server applications, Selenium is specifically designed for testing web-based applications. Selenium also supports Firefox, IE, Opera, Safari on operating systems like Windows, Mac, and Linux, but QTP is restricted to Internet Explorer on Windows.
Ruby, Perl, and Python are just a few of the many programming languages supported by Selenium, while QTP only supports VB script.
5- What does “same origin policy” mean? How can same origin policy be avoided?
The “Same Origin Policy” was introduced for security reasons, and it makes sure that scripts from other websites can never access anything on your site. According to the rules, any code that is loaded into the browser is only permitted to function on that website.
The Selenium Server functions as a client-configured HTTP proxy in proxy injection mode, sitting between the browser and the application under test (AUT) and masking the AUT under a fake URL in order to circumvent “Same Origin Policy.”
6- What are the characteristics of TestNG, and what are some of the features that make it more useful?
To make a wide range of testing requirements, from unit testing to integration testing, simpler, TestNG is a testing framework built on JUnit and NUnit. And the features that make it an effective testing framework are:
: Assistance with annotations
: Assistance with data-driven testing
: Flexible test setup
: Ability to run failed test cases again
7- Mention the distinction between implicit and explicit waiting.
Sets a timeout for all subsequent Web Element searches with an implicit wait. It will continue to hunt for the element for the specified amount of time before throwing a NoSuchElementException. It watches for the elements to appear.
Clearly Wait: It is a one-time use item that is utilized only once.
8-Describe the Object Repository.
In order to store all the objects that will be utilised in the scripts in one or more central locations rather than dispersed across the test scripts, an object repository is a crucial component of any UI automation.
9- What are Webdriver’s advantages over Selenium Server?
You don’t need the Selenium Server if you’re using Selenium-WebDriver because it uses a completely separate technology.
For Selenium 1.0 backwards compatibility, Selenium Server offers Selenium RC capabilities.
Selenium RC requires the selenium server to inject Javascript into the browser, whereas Selenium Web driver makes direct calls to the browser leveraging each browser’s inherent capability for automation.
10– How may a text box value be stored using a web driver?
To store a value in a text box using a web driver, execute the following command.
driver.findElement(By.id(“your Textbox”)).sendKeys(“your keyword”);
11-Describe Selenium RC.
Selenium RC is the server side of Selenium Web Driver, which is a Selenium product. Selenium Web Driver must communicate with the server and receive the results of the executed commands in order to function in a browser. Therefore, you must first send these orders to the server, who will then deliver them to the browser. These commands will be executed in the browser by Selenium Web Driver, which will then receive the results of the commands’ execution and return them to Selenium Web Driver.
12-Describe flash testing.
Building mobile games (for both Android and iOS), video games, movies, and other media is a common usage for the Flash software, which is now owned by Adobe. In order to determine whether a Flash program is carrying out the desired tasks, Flash features are typically checked by using specialized scripts. Flash testing is what this is.
13-When there are more effective iterations of the framework, why would anyone use Selenium IDE?
Utilising the Selenium IDE is justified because it is simple.
The framework’s IDE version has a very short learning curve and is very simple to use. It is ideal for those who are just starting out in programming and don’t yet have a clear understanding of what they’re doing.
14- Do you consider a local variable in a class to be static?
No, a local variable in a class cannot be static.
15-How would you use Selenium Webdriver to take a screenshot?
You would need to utilise the TakeScreenshot function in order to take a screenshot. Then, using the getScreenshotAs() command, you may save the snapshot.
Example:
from selenium import webdriver browser = webdriver.Firefox() browser.get(‘http://www.bitdegree.org/’) browser.save_screenshot(‘courses.png’) browser.quit()
16-How does the Webdriver work to discover broken links on a website?
One of the trickier Selenium Webdriver interview questions is when the interviewer asks you to identify which random links are working and which ones are broken.
You must employ the driver to achieve this.
The get() method. Simply run the aforementioned code as a test for each that appears after supposing the tags of and. Links that return anything other than “200 – OK” are broken.
17-What distinguishes a soft assert from a hard assert?
A hard assert will throw the exception right away and stop the testing process, but a soft assert will run the test and not stop it if the assert fails.
18-What use does the “Selenium Grid” serve?
With Selenium Grid, you can test numerous web pages (web apps) simultaneously and then compare the execution times. This may be a good indication of how well your website is being maintained.
19-What are the three main Selenium variations?
Knowing that it is Selenium IDE, Selenium RC, and Selenium Webdriver is crucial.
20-What other forms of testing can Selenium support?
The following testing types can be supported by Selenium:
Functional Testing
Regression Testing
Retesting
Acceptance Testing
End-to-End Testing
Smoke Testing
Sanity Testing
Responsive Testing
Cross Browser Testing
UI Testing
21-How few parameters are required for Selenium commands?
In Selenium, there are four requirements that you must meet:
- Host
- Port Number
- Browser
- URL
22-Which locator should you use when: ID, Name, XPath, or CSS Selector?
When there are available unique identifiers & unique names on the web page, ID & Name locators will be used.
When ID and Name locators are not unique, performance and CSS Selector can be employed.
When there are no preferred locators, XPath is utilised.
23-Which locator should you use when: ID, Name, XPath, or CSS Selector?
When there are available unique identifiers & unique names on the web page, ID & Name locators will be used.
When ID and Name locators are not unique, performance and CSS Selector can be employed.
When there are no preferred locators, XPath is utilised.
24-Describe the XPath.
The elements are located using XPath. We could discover web elements like textboxes, buttons, checkboxes, images, and other components in a web page by navigating through elements and attributes in an XML document using XPath.
25-What Selenium verification points are available?
We use Selenese Verify and Assert Commands in Selenium IDE as Verification Points.
There are no built-in features for verification points in Selenium WebDriver. It is entirely dependent on our coding approach. Among the points of verification are
To verify the page title
To search for specific text
To look for a specific component (text box, button, drop down, etc.)
26-Is the FirefoxDriver an interface or a class?
Java class FirefoxDriver implements the WebDriver interface.
27-What is the WebDriver super interface?
The super interface for Web Driver is SearchContext.
28-What is selenium in WebElement?
An HTML element is represented by WebElement in Selenium. In essence, it serves to represent a DOM element in an HTML document.
29-. What kinds of Selenium WebDriver exceptions have you encountered?
- ElementNotVisibleException
- StaleElementReferenceException
- WebDriverException
- IllegalStateException
- TimeoutException
- NoAlertPresentException
- NoSuchWindowException
- NoSuchElementException
30-Describe Page Factory.
The implementation of the Page Object Model is made more efficient by Page Factory. When we say something is optimized, we mean that the memory usage is excellent and that the implementation was carried out in an object-oriented way. The Page Factory is used to create the Page Objects itself or to initialize the Page Objects’ component parts. It is also possible (and advised) to add annotations to elements as the describing characteristics aren’t always sufficient to distinguish one item from another.
31-What kinds of WAIT statements does Selenium WebDriver support? Another way to phrase the query is as follows: How does WebDriver synchronisation work?
Implicit and explicit wait statements are the two main categories of wait statements.
Implicit wait tells the WebDriver to wait by polling the DOM for a while. Implicit wait will be available for the duration of the WebDriver instance once it has been declared. The value will by default be 0. Depending on the browser/driver implementation, the behaviour will periodically query the DOM if you select a longer default.
Explicit wait tells the execution to pause for a while until a certain condition is met. Among the prerequisites must be met are the following:
- elementToBeClickable
- elementToBeSelected
- presenceOfElementLocated
32-How does Selenium handle keyboard and mouse actions?
Using the Advanced User Interactions API, we can manage unique keyboard and mouse events. The actions and action classes required to carry out these events are contained in the Advanced User Interactions API. The table below lists the most popular keyboard and mouse events made available by the Actions class:
Method Description
clickAndHold() clicks the current mouse position while holding it in place.
dragAndDrop() transfers the source element by performing a click-and-hold operation there.
source, target() Positions the mouse pointer at the target element’s location before releasing it.
33-What kinds of frameworks are there?
The various kinds of frameworks include:
Data Driven Framework: This type of framework is used when all of the test data is generated from external files, such as Excel, CSV, XML, or database tables.
Keyword Driven Framework: This type of framework is used when only the operations and instructions are written in a separate file, such as an Excel worksheet.
Hybrid Framework: A hybrid framework combines both the Data Driven framework and the Keyword Driven framework.
34-Which files can be a source of data for various frameworks?
The dataset’s files types include excel xml, txt, csv, and others.
35-Describe Selenese.
The collection of selenium commands known as “Selenese” is used to test your web application.
Even better, utilise these methods:
- Useful for carrying out procedures
- Claims: Used as benchmarks
- Accessors are tools for adding values to specific variables.
36-Can pop-up windows be handled by Selenium?
Pop-up handling is not supported by Selenium. To display a warning message, utilise the alert function. It appears as a pop-up window on the screen.
37-A robot class is what?
The keyboard and mouse are controlled by this Robot class.
The techniques comprise:
- KeyPress()
- KeyRelease()
- MouseMove()
- MousePress()
- MouseMove()
38-What do Selenium Listeners do?
It is described as an interface that changes the way the system behaves. Reports and logs can be customized with listeners.
There are two main categories of listeners:
WebDriver listeners
TestNG listeners
39-What do the commands Assert and Verify do?
An assertion is a comparison between an application’s actual and anticipated results.
Verify: Regardless of whether the verify condition is true or false, the test will continue to run.
40-Can Selenium users move back and forth on the website?
Yes. The browser has navigational features. Here are a few techniques you can use to accomplish it:
- driver.navigate.forward
- driver.manage.back
- driver.manage.navigate
- driver.navigate.to(“url”)
41-What is TestNG and what characteristics does it have?
JUnit and NUnit served as inspiration for the TestNG Test Automation Framework. Next Generation is a free and open-source tool.
These are a few of the features of TestNG;
- has a variety of assertions.
- enables users to perform tests concurrently.
- Using the “dependsOnMethods” and “dependsOnGroups” characteristics, you can make tests interdependent.
- carries out tests based on data.
- You can combine different tests.
42-What distinguishes implicit wait from explicit wait?
Implicit Wait instructs the WebDriver to delay throwing an exception for a predetermined amount of time. When the time is set, the WebDriver will wait until the default value of 0 has passed before throwing an error.
The term “Explicit Wait” instructs the WebDriver to delay throwing a “ElementNotVisibleException” exception until a set of criteria, or ExpectedConditions, are met. An “intelligent” wait called an explicit wait only applies to certain elements.
43-What do Start Points and Breakpoints mean?
Start Points indicate the starting point for a code’s execution. Start Points can be utilised to launch a test script from a Breakpoint or the middle of the code.
Code execution can be stopped using breakpoints. To ensure that your code is operating as expected, a breakpoint is employed.
A Conclusion
The Selenium interview questions listed above are some of the ones you might be asked during your upcoming test automation engineering job interview. Make sure you are qualified before applying for a position as a test automation engineer.
44-An Object Repository is what?
An automated GUI test script’s object repository is a group of key-value pairs that eases the strain of test script upkeep. A logical name that identifies the items in this situation is essential, as are values that have special attributes that help identify things on a screen.
Additionally, it serves as the central site for managing and storing all data.
45-Why is Selenium such a popular testing tool, question 1? cite arguments.
Selenium is simple to use because it was mostly created in JavaScript.
Selenium can test web applications using a variety of web browsers, including Firefox, Opera, Chrome, and Safari.
Different programming languages, including Java, Perl, Python, and PHP, can be used to create the test code.
Selenium can be used on a variety of operating systems, including Windows, Linux, and Macintosh, as it is platform-independent.
For test management, Selenium can be connected with third-party technologies like JUnit and TestNG.
46-Is Captcha automatable?
No, Captcha cannot be automated with Selenium. Selenium cannot automate it because the whole point of Captcha is to make sure that bots and automated programmes don’t access sensitive information. While other elements can be filled automatically, the captcha must be manually entered by the automation test engineer.
47-What benefits might automation testing offer?
Testing through automation has several benefits. The most obvious benefit is probably that you can save a tonne of time and work. By automating repetitive operations, such as running the same test cases again or across different browsers, automation testing can aid in accelerating the testing process.
The accuracy of your tests can be increased by automation testing, which is another significant benefit. You can prevent human error and make sure that your tests are always conducted in the same way by automating the procedure. This can be crucial when testing complicated programmes because faults are more likely to occur there.Finally, automation testing can aid in increasing the test coverage. You may run more test cases and cover a wider variety of functionality by automating more of the testing procedure. This can help to guarantee that your software has undergone extensive testing and is bug-free.
48-Indicate a few of the often employed functional automation testing tools.
Test Complete, Silk Test, QTP and RFT
49-What is implicit wait’s primary drawback?
Implicit wait’s biggest drawback is that it can make your tests take longer to complete. This is so because the implicit wait time is always set to zero by default. As a result, your test will continue looking for an element for the duration of the implicit wait time if it is not discovered right away. Your test suite may take a considerable lot longer as a result. Implicit wait also has the drawback of having the potential to break your tests if the element you are anticipating takes longer to appear than the implicit wait period. Finally, because implicit wait might induce flakiness, it can reduce the reliability of your tests.
50-What advantages does automation testing offer?
The software testing process can be accelerated by using automation testing. You can avoid wasting time and resources on manual testing by automating some of the tests. Automation can also help you increase the accuracy of your tests and provide thorough reports that can help you spot any areas that require more attention. Overall, any software development team can benefit from using automation testing.
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